FOREX - money market

Currency exchange market called FOREX is the largest financial market in the world today. As it is announced by the Bank for International Settlements, which carries out monitoring of all the activities on the currency money market, average daily  value  money market funds  of transactions only at the April 2007 amounted 3,2 trillions of US dollars, from which more than one trillion was the share of spot transactions.
      When purchasing currency at one price and subsequent selling at the other, profit or loss amounts difference between the price of selling and the price of buying multiplied by the sum of transaction.

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  Any currencies money market are the goods and there is always demand for and supply of them, and today, in our age of globalization the currency becomes one of the most needed goods on the world market. That is why FOREX trading assumes ever greater popularity, because it is one of the most profitable kinds of activity. FOREX trading is based on the differences between rates of currencies at different moments of time.

Instruments of the foreign exchange markets

 Cable and Mail Transfers

Several financial instruments are used to facilitate foreign exchange trading. One of the most important is the cable transfer, an execute order sent by cable to a foreign bank holding a currency seller's account. The cable directs the bank to debit the seller's account and credit the account of a buyer or someone the buyer designates.

The essential advantage of the cable transfer is speed because the transaction can be carried out the same day or within one or two business days. Business firms selling their goods in international markets can avoid tying up substantial sums of money in foreign exchange by using cable transfers.                                          

When speed is not a critical factor, a mail transfer of foreign exchange may be used. Such transfers are written orders from the holder of a foreign exchange deposit to a bank to pay a designated individual or institution on presentation of a draft. A mail transfer may require days to execute, depending on the speed of mail deliveries.

 Bills of Exchange

One of the most important of all international financial instruments is the Bill of Exchange. Frequently today the word draft is used instead of bill. Either way, a draft or bill of exchange is a written order requiring a person, business firm, or bank to pay a specified sum of money to the bearer of the bill.

We may distinguish sight bills, which are payable on demand, from time bills, which mature at a future date and are payable only at that time. There are also docu-mentary hills, which typically accompany the international shipment of goods. A documentary bill must be accompanied by shipping papers allowing importers to pick up their merchandise. In contrast, a clean hill has no accompanying documents and is simply an order to a bank to pay a certain sum of money. The most common example arises when an importer requests its bank to send a letter of credit to an exporter in another country. The letter authorizes the exporter to draw bills for payment, either against the importer's bank or against one of its correspondent banks.

 Foreign Currency and Coin

Foreign currency and coin itself (as opposed to bank deposits) is an important instrument for payment in the foreign exchange markets. This is especially true for tourists who require pocket money to pay for lodging, meals, and transportation. Usu-ally this money winds up in the hands of merchants accepting it in payment for pur-chases and is deposited in domestic banks. For example, U.S. banks operating along the Canadian and Mexican borders receive a substantial volume of Canadian dollars and Mexican pesos each day. These funds normally are routed through the banking system back to banks in the country of issue, and the U.S. banks receive credit in the form of a deposit denominated in a foreign currency. This deposit may then be loaned to a customer or to another bank.

 Other Foreign Exchange Instruments

A wide variety of other financial instruments are denominated in foreign cur-rencies, most of this small in amount. For example, traveler's checks denominated in dollars and other convertible currencies may be spent directly or converted into the currency of the country where purchases are being made. International investors fre-quently receive interest coupons or dividend warrants denominated in foreign curren-cies. These documents normally are sold to a domestic bank at the current exchange rate.

France

There are many ways leading to France and many purposes for the trip. The vacation in France, especially ski rest, is the characteristics of someone's status. As for the Normandy touring program it already represents the rate of intellectual demand of those people who choose it. Elite and refined people can choose water trip on barge-house (penichette) by rivers and channels. Accordingly, the tours to France offer wide and various choices of places, hotels and excursion programs which vary from child Disneyland tours in Paris to adult wine therapy in Bordeaux holiday hotels.

 Probably it is better to start with package tours for those people who are going to open France for the first time, because it is cheaper and more comfortable. And after taking survey and realizing that France is exactly what you need you can choose individual tours or just book flights and hotel rooms for fully independent journeys.

Egypt

Egypt - officially Arab Republic of Egypt, republic .It borders on the Mediterranean Sea in the north, Israel and the Red Sea in the east, Sudan in the south, and Libya in the west. Egypt's capital and largest city is Cairo. In addition to the capital, major cities include Alexandria, Port Said, Suez, Tanta, and Aswan
Cairo - is the capital of Egypt, largest city of continent of Africa, one of the greatest cities of the world.

Cairo - is the capital of Egypt, largest city of continent of Africa, one of the greatest cities of the world.Cairo is an administrative center of country, in a center a city, basic state and public organizations of Egypt, headquarters of League of the Arabic states, are located.  Governorship of Giza on a western bank and actually governorship Cairo on east meet in one megapolis, «Large Cairo».Cairo is yet named «Gate of East», he stands on crossing of three continents, through him all roads, anchorwomen, pass from Asia, Africa and Europe

The great mass of Egypt is located in Africa; the Sinai peninsula is the only portion situated in Asia and is separated from the rest of the country by the Suez Canal. Egypt N of Cairo is often called Lower Egypt and S of Cairo, Upper Egypt

The western bank of Nila is administratively dissociated from an east bank – crossing Nile, vyokazyvaetes' in governorship of Giza. For the tourists of Giza, associated with pyramids, but it  mestoraspolozhenie of the Cairo university for Egyptians.

Can you have a rest?

Can you have a rest? Most of you definitely will say: «Of course!», someone would think about the question, but some of us will frankly confess to themselves that they absolutely can't do it. Unfortunately, this is the problem of all the people over the world because the common rhythm of our life is so fast that there is no possibility even to think about the full value rest.

And what is needed for such a rest? First of all, psychologies always recommend to change the environment. When we are inside all the same four walls, it's difficult to enjoy quiet and silence. And exactly the tourism could be one of such ways of total changing of your environment and at the same time it could be the most interesting travel.

Certainly, you can object that the tourism isn't the cheapest way for the rest. But it is worth of that. You didn't work so hard all the year in vain, getting up to your neck in work, to give yourself some weeks of quiet rest. So why do you need to cut down your expenses on yourself and on the health of nervous system?

Foreign vocation is not only wonderful opportunity to have a good rest to forget at least for the short time about the problems. This is a unique possibility to plunge into definitely other world, to admire the architecture, scenery, to get to know the traditions and ceremonies, to taste the dishes of national cuisine, to learn foreign language, and so on and so forth, all that you could only imagine.

The vacations could be not only the passive. Possibly, when you got tired of the office work, you want to go to insufficiently known or historical routs. Seven or ten days of amazing journey will leave indelible impression to your soul, and you can work harder for a long time after returning back at home.

TOP Five of the most popular European cities

Paris

Paris is the capital of France, and is the most important economical and culture center of the country. French capital is considered as one of the biggest and most populated cities of the world. There you could see such world famous monuments of history and architecture as the Eiffel Tower, Notre Dame Cathedral, the Louvre Museum and Champs-Elysee avenue, Triumphal arch and The Place de la Concorde. The city is also a capital of world fashion and arts.

Rome

Rome is one of the oldest world cities and the ancient capital of Roman Empire. That is why Rome is often named as «Eternal city». Rome is also called «The city on the seven hills». During its life for 3000 years this city not only accumulated priceless cultural treasures and rich history, but also created independent State of the City of the Vatican on its territory. Rome has already been attracting tourists for hundreds of years and is one of the most wonderful and romantic world cities in our time.

Amsterdam

Amsterdam is very popular city among tourists and is one of the most famous cities of our planet. The festival UITMARKT is held in Amsterdam annually. At this period of time every visitor has possibility to choose the best among hundreds of entertainments that are proposed to their attention. There are everything for dear guests — music, also played by symphonic orchestra of Netherlands, cabaret-show, theatre premieres and cinema shows of the best films and numerous excursions.

Salzburg

Salzburg is amazing and beautiful city with many architecture styles and the richest history. The great heritage of Mozart and powerful archbishops, unique integrity and harmony of the old city, all that led to Salzburg was announced by UNESCO as the world cultural heritage. First of all, Salzburg is the city of musical festivals and theatre arts. Salzburg becomes the centre of the musical world every year. Beside that all the year the city proposes rich cultural program with more than 4000 performances of different kinds

 Barcelona

It is the second city of Spain in terms of population and is the capital of Catalonia. Barcelona is amazing, humming, and probably the most European city, citizens of which are famous of their love to arts, especially, music. Barcelona is the port city of the Mediterranean Sea, which is also known as the most commercial city of Spain. A great number of museums and monuments of ancient times will never leave anybody indifferent to this wonderful part of Europe.

Spain

The rest in Spain is burning flamenco and corrida, wide beaches with gold sand, caressing sea, mild climate, peculiar traditions of native people. The rest in Spain is very different. Sea resorts are spread along the whole shoreline from Costa Brava in Catalonia at Mediterranean Sea to Costa de la Luz in Andalusia where the shores of Spain are washed by Atlantic Ocean.

Canary and Balearic Islands are famous all around the world. The tours to Spain are suitable both for the lovers of quite beachfront rest and for adepts of wild night life. The seashores are sand, wide and long here, also they can be located in compact quite bays among the rocks, but in any case they are very clean. Night life on the Mediterranean seashore of Spain is saturated and joyful. Everyone who doesn't want to spend his evening in hotel can find a place where he can have fun without problem.

Italy

It is possible to have a vacation in Italy in any season. The territory of Italy is washed by five seas — Adriatic Sea, Ionian Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Tyrrhenian Sea and Ligurian Sea, that is why it is not so difficult to find an ideal place for the rest. There are created excellent conditions for the rest even in winter in Italy: numerous ski resorts on the flanks of hills of Alps are opened for everyone, who appreciates fresh mountain air and can't imagine his life without adrenalin.

The vacation during autumn and spring in Italy can open borderless world of amazing architecture and fine arts for tourists, because the country holds one of the leading places in the world in the terms of number of museums and monuments. The tours to Italy are on demand at any season of the year. They represents possibility to enjoy the native Italian cuisine in numerous restaurants. The tours to Italy are wonderful sand beaches as in Rimini. And the most popular islands of Italy such as Sicily, Capri, Sardinia, Ischia are famous for their landscapes and modern equipped beaches.

And islands of Italy are not only beachfront rest, here it is possible to see historical monuments of the country, make shopping and visit hot springs, by which Ischia is so rich. The tours to Italy will help you to improve your health and summon up fresh energy for the whole year! The tours to Italy will let you see the legendary city of Rome, charming Venice, wonderful Florence and Milan which is the business and fashion center of the country.